How it works
We connect to the server and send a SIP OPTIONS request: the same “ping” PBXs and proxies use to check trunks (qualify in Asterisk, keepalive in Kamailio). Any reply, even 401 or 403, means the SIP stack is alive. The reply also reveals the server software (the Server or User-Agent header) and the methods it supports.
Calls connect but have problems? Load a capture into the pcap analyzer. Response codes are explained in the SIP code reference.