DSCP table
Click a row to convert it.
| Name | DSCP | Binary | ToS | CoS | WMM | Used for |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS0 | 0 | 000000 | 0 / 0x00 | 0 | AC_BE | Default, best effort |
| LE | 1 | 000001 | 4 / 0x04 | 0 | AC_BK | Lower effort (RFC 8622) |
| CS1 | 8 | 001000 | 32 / 0x20 | 1 | AC_BK | Low-priority data, scavenger |
| AF11 | 10 | 001010 | 40 / 0x28 | 1 | AC_BE | High-throughput data |
| AF12 | 12 | 001100 | 48 / 0x30 | 1 | AC_BE | High-throughput data |
| AF13 | 14 | 001110 | 56 / 0x38 | 1 | AC_BE | High-throughput data |
| CS2 | 16 | 010000 | 64 / 0x40 | 2 | AC_BE | OAM (management) |
| AF21 | 18 | 010010 | 72 / 0x48 | 2 | AC_BE | Low-latency data |
| AF22 | 20 | 010100 | 80 / 0x50 | 2 | AC_BE | Low-latency data |
| AF23 | 22 | 010110 | 88 / 0x58 | 2 | AC_BE | Low-latency data |
| CS3 | 24 | 011000 | 96 / 0x60 | 3 | AC_VI | Broadcast video; SIP signalling on Cisco and Asterisk |
| AF31 | 26 | 011010 | 104 / 0x68 | 3 | AC_VI | Multimedia streaming |
| AF32 | 28 | 011100 | 112 / 0x70 | 3 | AC_VI | Multimedia streaming |
| AF33 | 30 | 011110 | 120 / 0x78 | 3 | AC_VI | Multimedia streaming |
| CS4 | 32 | 100000 | 128 / 0x80 | 4 | AC_VI | Real-time interactive |
| AF41 | 34 | 100010 | 136 / 0x88 | 4 | AC_VI | Multimedia conferencing (video calls) |
| AF42 | 36 | 100100 | 144 / 0x90 | 4 | AC_VI | Multimedia conferencing |
| AF43 | 38 | 100110 | 152 / 0x98 | 4 | AC_VI | Multimedia conferencing |
| CS5 | 40 | 101000 | 160 / 0xa0 | 5 | AC_VI | Signalling (SIP per RFC 4594) |
| VA | 44 | 101100 | 176 / 0xb0 | 5 | AC_VO | Voice admit (RFC 5865) |
| EF | 46 | 101110 | 184 / 0xb8 | 5 | AC_VO | Telephony: voice RTP |
| CS6 | 48 | 110000 | 192 / 0xc0 | 6 | AC_VO | Network control (BGP, OSPF) |
| CS7 | 56 | 111000 | 224 / 0xe0 | 7 | AC_VO | Reserved |
How it works
DSCP is the top 6 bits of the ToS byte in the IP header, so ToS = DSCP × 4: EF (46) is ToS 184 or 0xB8. Older devices only read the top 3 bits (IP precedence), which is also what switches copy to 802.1p CoS and Wi-Fi maps to WMM. Voice gets EF, SIP signalling CS3 (the Cisco and Asterisk default) or CS5 (per RFC 4594), video calls AF41.
Marking only helps where something honours it: your router’s queue to the internet and the corporate network. ISPs on the internet usually reset DSCP. For VoIP at home or in the office, the key is not letting downloads fill the line: use SQM/CAKE or a priority queue for EF. See the MikroTik generator with CAKE. Bandwidth per call: VoIP bandwidth calculator.